A-Infos (en) Italy, UCADI #182: Italy: dress rehearsal of the dissolution of the state (ca, de, it, pt, tr)[machine translation]

The approach of the European elections and many regional elections has 
led the governing majority parties to take the first parliamentary steps 
towards the project for the implementation of differentiated autonomy 
which will establish the differentiation of the country into 21 
microstates. It is certainly true that the implementation of 
differentiated autonomy is foreseen in the Constitution in the forms 
hypothesized by an infamous constitutional reform, desired by the 
left(?), and approved in 2001 with only 3 majority votes. But it is also 
true that since then a lot of water has passed under the bridge and the 
economic conditions that made it convenient to face and attempt to 
resolve the problem of greater political and economic representation 
consistent with the role played by the northern regions in the country's 
economy, they are deeply pointed.
The profound crisis of the German economy and of Franco-Rhine capitalism 
makes it no longer attractive to connect the economy of Veneto and 
Lombardy, but also of Emilia Romagna, to the German locomotive that is 
stopped on the tracks.
Today Germany is in recession, wrapped in the spirals of a crisis in the 
economic and production model that will not be resolved anytime soon and 
this while Italy's production axes are gravitating towards a widespread 
presence of production activities in the territory, greater than in the 
past. Not only that, but for a long time energy supply flows will travel 
from south to north and not vice versa. It therefore becomes contrary to 
the interests of the economy to aim for a multi-speed country, depending 
on the areas into which it is administratively divided and governed. 
Indeed, the time seems to have come to make the country system the 
backbone of its overall development, aiming for greater integration with 
the economy of other European countries which owe their strength 
precisely to the choice to operate by creating a system of capital and 
forces and production capacities they have. All this is even more true 
if we look at Africa as one of the possible poles of future development, 
considering the geographical position of Italy and its conformation in 
the Mediterranean.
Instead, right now, in accordance with an ideological choice of a party 
that has focused everything on the autonomy and fragmentation of the 
country, it is decided to opt for a political exchange between the party 
that on paper should be the defender of national unity (F.d I .) and 
what wants the end of the unitary state (League), in any possible form, 
accepting the exchange between differentiated autonomy and the adoption 
of the premiership, a silly and stupid government formula, clearly 
unsuccessful (it was tested in Israel for a short time , with failure) 
and immediately repealed, but it serves to revive the myth of the strong 
man-woman in command.

The debate in the Senate

From the debate on differentiated autonomy that took place in the 
Senate on 23 January on the Calderoli bill[1]it emerges that its 
implementation would in fact constitute a profound modification of the 
national institutional framework, inaugurating a different system of 
relationships and hierarchies of values concerning the implementation of 
rights and freedoms, which undermines the principle of equality, making 
the governing bodies of the territory assume growing importance, in 
relation to their implementation, (the Regions) mortifying and leaving 
unchanged the role of the Municipalities which are the structures that 
are truly closer and more functional to land management.
The provision arises from the request of Veneto, Lombardy and 
Emilia-Romagna for legislative power for the current matters of 
concurrent legislation and/or for three of those of exclusive competence 
of the State and is part of an institutional context which has already 
seen the Regions try to carve out ever greater skills.
It is also true that the aspect that gives rise to greatest concern 
today concerns the greater transfer of financial resources connected to 
differentiated autonomy, proof of which is that if the request were 
accepted, Veneto would retain 90% of the tax revenue produced by its 
citizens and resident businesses on its territory, equal to 
approximately 41 billion; Lombardy, over 100 billion, Emilia-Romagna, 43 
billion, for an amount of 190 out of 750 billion per year in tax 
revenue. However, the most important effect of the reform would 
certainly be the expansion of the sphere of intervention and competences 
of the Regions and the growth of their powers even in matters apparently 
not involved in the transfer, and this precisely because of the acquired 
control over resources.

Examining the proposal presented by the Government, in light of the 
changes made in the referring body, we note that it is made up of 11 
articles. Article 1 indicates the purposes of the regulatory 
intervention; Article 2 establishes a clause limiting agreements by the 
Prime Minister to ensure national cohesion; Article 3 strengthens the 
role of Parliament in determining the LEP; Article 4 guarantees the 
equality of LEPs throughout the national territory; articles 5 and 6 
respectively regulate the methods of the agreement and the transfer of 
functions from the Regions to local authorities; Article 7 contains a 
state supremacy clause: Article 8 concerns the Joint Commission for 
evaluating the burdens deriving from the delegation of functions to the 
Regions; Article 9 establishes that the agreements must not prejudice 
the amount of resources to be allocated to the other Regions; Article 10 
contains a guarantee rule for national unity and social cohesion; 
finally, article 11 contains transitional provisions - we refer to the 
latest version made known by Minister Calderoli.
It should be remembered that the Regions' requests for matters to be 
transferred are partly different and in any case include the transfer of 
legislative powers and financial resources. Veneto has requested all 23 
matters envisaged by article 116 paragraph 3 of the Constitution; 
Lombardy 20 (excluding only: the organization of justice of peace; 
savings banks, rural banks, regional credit companies; regional land and 
agricultural credit institutions), Emilia-Romagna 16 (did not request: 
professions; food; civil ports and airports; organization of 
communication; production, transport and national distribution of 
energy; savings banks, rural, regional credit institutions; regional 
land and agricultural credit institutions). Subsequently, Campania also 
requested that the investigation be started for some matters. These 
subjects are added to and strengthen the competences already attributed 
to the Regions, helping to consolidate the trend towards a different 
application on the territory, today the result of the different 
political capacities of regional governments to implement the choices 
adopted by the State.
To these matters the Regions may request to add other matters currently 
under the exclusive competence of the State: jurisdiction and procedural 
rules; civil and criminal law; administrative justice limited to the 
organization of justice of the peace; general rules on education; 
protection of the environment, ecosystem and cultural heritage, also 
differentiating the country's legislation and problem management in 
these fields.
The start of the debate on differentiated autonomy in the Senate has 
shown that growing doubts are emerging on the part of some political 
forces regarding the process of attribution of competences to the 
Regions that request it, which is reflected in actions that the Regions 
not involved in the transfer process could undertake to protect their 
interests and fair distribution and use of resources.
To oppose the provision, in a first phase the Regional Councils of some 
Regions could appeal primarily to the Consulta, once the text of the 
reform is definitively approved by the two Chambers. In the next phase, 
having taken note of the outcome of these initiatives, the agreements 
will have to be drawn up to establish the extent and concrete methods of 
the transfer of competences. This phase of the procedure could and will 
certainly be the subject of an appeal before the Constitutional Court.
Alongside and together with the opposition to the measure, which can be 
developed by the regional councils of the regions not involved in the 
process of differentiated autonomy, there is also an initiative that can 
be undertaken by citizens by collecting 500,000 signatures, to ask for 
the repeal referendum to be called of the reform, provided that
the government itself does not have to resort to a confirmatory 
referendum, once the majority with which the measure will be approved is 
known. From a quick calculation of the numbers present in Parliament, 
this referendum step appears inevitable for the government majority.
Having said this, all that remains is to refine one's weapons and 
prepare for a long and hard battle on which the success of the project 
of creating a political regime which, by distorting the Constitution, 
will realize the dream of the right in government which will be able to 
say, in case of success, of governing a Republic that is no longer the 
one born from the Resistance.

The exchange with the premiership

This statement would be strengthened by the implementation, as a result 
of the political exchange carried out between the government parties, of 
the prime ministership which, by centralizing powers on the Prime 
Minister in such a significant way as to obscure those of the head of 
State, would allow it to be argued that a new Republic was born.
In the Prime Minister's intentions, the new power structure should hand 
over control of the country to her political force for a sufficient 
number of legislatures to shape a new structure of the State and Italian 
society, rewriting the distribution of citizens between the social 
classes and recreating a medium, built on the basis of newly minted 
corporate relations, all under the banner of "Italians first", smuggled 
as a version of politics of the so-called social right.
This project does not take into account the fact that the current Prime 
Minister has demonstrated that he has as his horizon a liberalism that 
tends towards democracy, which is in turn also different from 
corporatism, because it surpasses it in brutality, promoting a society 
flattened on obscurantist values typical of the "theology of prosperity" 
formulated by American Protestantism, intertwined with the theorizations 
of a fundamentalist, sick Christian sociology.

[1]Outline of the bill, Provisions for the implementation of 
differentiated autonomy, of the Regions with ordinary statute, 1 
February 2023,
https://www.arancioscuola.it/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/Autonomia-Differenziatadef.pdf

The Editorial Team

https://www.ucadi.org/2024/02/17/italia-prove-generali-di-dissoluzione-dello-stato/
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